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There are several ways to make a word plural in English:
Add "s" to the end of the word. For example: "cat" becomes "cats," "dog" becomes "dogs," "book" becomes "books."
Add "es" to the end of the word if it ends in "s," "sh," "ch," or "x." For example: "bus" becomes "buses," "dish" becomes "dishes," "church" becomes "churches," "box" becomes "boxes."
Add "ies" to the end of the word if it ends in "y" and has a consonant before it. For example: "baby" becomes "babies," "lady" becomes "ladies," "party" becomes "parties." If the word ends in "y" and has a vowel before it, just add "s." For example: "boy" becomes "boys," "toy" becomes "toys."
For most words that end in "o," add "es" to make them plural. For example: "hero" becomes "heroes," "potato" becomes "potatoes," "tomato" becomes "tomatoes." There are a few exceptions to this rule, such as "piano," which becomes "pianos."
For words that end in "f" or "fe," change the "f" to "v" and add "es." For example: "wolf" becomes "wolves," "knife" becomes "knives," "life" becomes "lives."
There are a few irregular plurals in English, such as "child" becoming "children" and "foot" becoming "feet," but these are relatively uncommo
Words that end in "s," "sh," "ch," or "x" usually take "es" to make them plural. For example: "pass" becomes "passes," "brush" becomes "brushes," "watch" becomes "watches," "box becomes "boxes."
Words that end in "y" and have a consonant before it usually take "ies" to make them plural. For example: "penny" becomes "pennies," "party" becomes "parties," "story" becomes "stories." If the word ends in "y" and has a vowel before it, just add "s" to make it plural. For example: "day" becomes "days," "toy" becomes "toys."
Most words that end in "o" take "es" to make them plural. For example: "hero" becomes "heroes," "potato" becomes "potatoes," "tomato" becomes "tomatoes." There are a few exceptions to this rule, such as "piano," which becomes "pianos."
Words that end in "f" or "fe" usually take "ves" to make them plural. For example: "wolf" becomes "wolves," "wife" becomes "wives," "leaf" becomes "leaves." There are a few exceptions to this rule, such as "knife," which becomes "knives," and "shelf," which becomes "shelves."
There are a few irregular plurals in English, which don't follow these rules. For example: "child" becomes "children," "foot" becomes "feet," "tooth" becomes "teeth," "man" becomes "men," "woman" becomes "women," "mouse" becomes "mice," "goose" becomes "geese," "deer" becomes "deer."
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